Coffee Trade

The simplestcoffee trade chain is from the farmer as producers of coffee that are sold to traders in small amounts, then traders sell to wholesalers, thanfrom wholesalers it sold to coffee businessmen or coffee exporters.Generally coffee trade patterns are influenced by the level of smoothness of transportation, especially in remote areas. The area with a fairly current transportation reducedthe existence of small traders so the farmers usually sell directly to wholesalers.
a. Line 1: Farmers - intermediate traders - collectors - exporters
b. Line 2: Farmers - intermediate traders - intercity traders - exporters
c. Line 3: Farmers - intermediate traders - collectors - intercity traders – exporters
Coffee is a commodity for export around 60% of total national coffee were exported, and the rest is consumed and stored by traders and exporters as a backup in the event of crop failure. Consequence of the large amount of coffee exported is dependency on the conditions and situation of the world coffee market. The main destination countries of Indonesian coffee exports are the United States, Germany, and Japan, which is known as the country's traditional export destinations. Indonesia's coffee exports data to the main destination countries for the year 2007 - 2011 can be seen in the following table:

 
In the International Coffee Agreement in 2001 agreed that the name and form of coffeein international trading, which is as follows.

1. The Green Coffee is coffee that has not been roasted and peeled
2. Dried coffee cherry is dried cherries
3. Parchment coffee is green coffee beans that still have bark horn
4. Roasted Coffee is green coffee beans that have been roasted with a certain degree of heat
5. Decaffeinated Coffee is green coffee or coffee that has been roasted or soluble coffee with caffeine content that has been extracted
6. Liquid Coffee is coffee that has been roasted and the form is transformed into a liquid form with water
7. Soluble coffee is coffee roasted that originating coffee that formed into a solid form that can be diluted with water (a type of instant coffee)

Exports of Indonesian coffee beans not only form, but the form of processed coffee, among other roasted coffee, coffee powder, anddissolved coffee. But exports of Indonesian coffee processed products (coffee powder form) is still very small, less of 1% compared to the export of coffee beans which reached 99.8% (468 749 tonnes in 2008). Therefore, the need to diversify the products that can be developed in small and medium scale and large scaleenterprises. Coffee processing technology is relatively simple and can be designed in a variety of business scale so that the value added processing can be enjoyed by coffee farmers.

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