Cultivation of robusta coffee initially to overcome arabica coffee plants damage due to leaf rust disease. Now the Robusta coffee plant has been growing rapidly and dominate the coffee plantation area in Indonesia.Robusta coffee cultivation grown so that businesses require planting material improvement through breeding. Robusta coffee plant breeding was first performed at the experimental farm belonging to the Dutch government (GovernementProeftuin) in Bagelan, Malang in 1911 to 1923 which resulted the source of planting materials that are named R BGN 124 and BGN 300. Planting material is a cloned embryo of coffee robustaBagelan (BGN).
Breeding Robusta coffee is also done by the Research Board of East Java and Central Java (ProefstationMidden-Oost Java) based in Malang, which generate clones with the series SA (SumberAsin) in the year 1926 to 1938, such as SA 13, SA 34, SA 109, and SA 158. Moreover, Besuki Research Institute (BesoekishProefstation) at the Experiment FarmKaliwiningin 1925 to 1929 has resulted in the suggestion of Robusta coffee planting material is BP 39, BP 42, and Moemboel 3.04
Tests on 18 clones of robusta coffee in Experiment Kaliwining by SoedarsanThe need has resulted in BP 409 as recommended planting materials for low and rather dry areas. The test results of the 20 clones of robusta coffee in the Mount gumitir Plantation also have produced clones of BP 358 as recommended planting materials.
Examination of robusta coffee crossing to produce hybrid varieties also carried out in order to get materials such as seed planting. Robusta coffee clones were conducted as a crossing is BP 42, BP 358, SA 24, and SA 34. Crossbreeding and the test was started in 1964 to 1974 and resulted in hybrid robusta coffee planting materials are recommended, namely BP BP 42 x 358 or resiproknya . The results of examinationon several clones of robusta coffee made by Yahmadi and Hartobudoyo has resulted in Robusta coffee planting materials, which is BP 358, BP 409, BP 234, and SA 237.
Characteristic of plants
Branch of reproduction on robusta coffee growing upright. Coffee fruit is produced from primary branches that grow horizontally. Primary branch is sufficiently flexible form a canopy like an umbrella.Leaves rounded like an egg shape with a pointed leaf tip to blunt. The leaves grow on stems, branches and twigs. On the trunk and branches growing perpendicular to the alternating arrangement of the leaves. While on the twigs and branches growing horizontal leaf pair in the same plane. Robusta be relatively resistant to leaf rust disease.
Robusta coffee plants have started flowering at the age of 2 years. Flowers grow on primary axillary branches. Each interest group armpits are 3-4. Flowers usually bloom early in the dry season. Unlike the arabica, robusta coffee flowers are cross-pollinated.Young fruit is green, turn red after cooking. Although it has full fledged, robusta coffee fruit securely attached to the stalk. Period of time of start of flowering to fruit ready for harvest ranged 10-11 months.
Robusta coffee plants have shallow roots. Therefore the need fertile soil and rich organic content. This plant is also quite sensitive to drought.
Breeding Robusta coffee is also done by the Research Board of East Java and Central Java (ProefstationMidden-Oost Java) based in Malang, which generate clones with the series SA (SumberAsin) in the year 1926 to 1938, such as SA 13, SA 34, SA 109, and SA 158. Moreover, Besuki Research Institute (BesoekishProefstation) at the Experiment FarmKaliwiningin 1925 to 1929 has resulted in the suggestion of Robusta coffee planting material is BP 39, BP 42, and Moemboel 3.04
Tests on 18 clones of robusta coffee in Experiment Kaliwining by SoedarsanThe need has resulted in BP 409 as recommended planting materials for low and rather dry areas. The test results of the 20 clones of robusta coffee in the Mount gumitir Plantation also have produced clones of BP 358 as recommended planting materials.
Examination of robusta coffee crossing to produce hybrid varieties also carried out in order to get materials such as seed planting. Robusta coffee clones were conducted as a crossing is BP 42, BP 358, SA 24, and SA 34. Crossbreeding and the test was started in 1964 to 1974 and resulted in hybrid robusta coffee planting materials are recommended, namely BP BP 42 x 358 or resiproknya . The results of examinationon several clones of robusta coffee made by Yahmadi and Hartobudoyo has resulted in Robusta coffee planting materials, which is BP 358, BP 409, BP 234, and SA 237.
Characteristic of plants
Branch of reproduction on robusta coffee growing upright. Coffee fruit is produced from primary branches that grow horizontally. Primary branch is sufficiently flexible form a canopy like an umbrella.Leaves rounded like an egg shape with a pointed leaf tip to blunt. The leaves grow on stems, branches and twigs. On the trunk and branches growing perpendicular to the alternating arrangement of the leaves. While on the twigs and branches growing horizontal leaf pair in the same plane. Robusta be relatively resistant to leaf rust disease.
Robusta coffee plants have started flowering at the age of 2 years. Flowers grow on primary axillary branches. Each interest group armpits are 3-4. Flowers usually bloom early in the dry season. Unlike the arabica, robusta coffee flowers are cross-pollinated.Young fruit is green, turn red after cooking. Although it has full fledged, robusta coffee fruit securely attached to the stalk. Period of time of start of flowering to fruit ready for harvest ranged 10-11 months.
Robusta coffee plants have shallow roots. Therefore the need fertile soil and rich organic content. This plant is also quite sensitive to drought.