Currently, most of the coffee plants grown in Indonesia is robusta coffee (90%) and the rest of ofarabica coffee. Coffee planting in Indonesia began in 1696 using the type of Arabica coffee. But planting coffee this typeis not really successful. In 1699 the Dutch East Indies government again brought arabica coffee, then well developed in Java. Arabica coffee is known as the Java coffee has excellent quality and is an important export commodity for more than 100 years.
Since 1878 raised on the plant leaf rust disease caused by the fungus coffee Hemileavastatrix B et Br. The disease results in damage and death of the plant as well as a very large yield losses. Various ways have been made to control the disease at that time. But no way satisfactorily managed. Therefore, since 1900 tahnu developed to replace robusta coffee arabica coffee as planting material resistant to leaf rust disease. Thus, a change in dominance types of coffee plants cultivated arabica coffee types into the type of robusta coffee. Arabica coffee is left generally only in the highlands (> 1000 m asl). This is due to less intensive levels of fungal attack on H. Vastatrix elevation of 1,000 m above sea level or more. Arabica coffee plants are still able to survive and produce well enough in the area with the altitude. Different premises arabica coffee, robusta coffee is generally grown on land with elevation 0-1000 m above sea level.
As for other things to encourage the entry of Indonesian Robusta coffee is robusta seed purchases by the companies "CultuurMij. SoeberAgoeng" in 1900 from l'HorticuleColoniale based in Brussels. The seeds to produce seedlings are imported from the Belgian Congo (now Zaire) that located in West Africa. Right on 10 September 1900 Robusta coffee seeds was received in SoemberAgoeng plantation, WringinAnom, and Kali BakarDampitthat located about 40 km in south-east from the city of Malang.
Efforts to enter Robustacoffee to Indonesia also performed by the combined planters in Kediri region ("VerenigingLandbouwKedirische") in 1901. Moreover, the Dutch government also included the robusta coffeeto the experimental plantationthat own by Dutch government (GovernementProeftuin) inBagelan near Malang for research purposes.
Since 1878 raised on the plant leaf rust disease caused by the fungus coffee Hemileavastatrix B et Br. The disease results in damage and death of the plant as well as a very large yield losses. Various ways have been made to control the disease at that time. But no way satisfactorily managed. Therefore, since 1900 tahnu developed to replace robusta coffee arabica coffee as planting material resistant to leaf rust disease. Thus, a change in dominance types of coffee plants cultivated arabica coffee types into the type of robusta coffee. Arabica coffee is left generally only in the highlands (> 1000 m asl). This is due to less intensive levels of fungal attack on H. Vastatrix elevation of 1,000 m above sea level or more. Arabica coffee plants are still able to survive and produce well enough in the area with the altitude. Different premises arabica coffee, robusta coffee is generally grown on land with elevation 0-1000 m above sea level.
As for other things to encourage the entry of Indonesian Robusta coffee is robusta seed purchases by the companies "CultuurMij. SoeberAgoeng" in 1900 from l'HorticuleColoniale based in Brussels. The seeds to produce seedlings are imported from the Belgian Congo (now Zaire) that located in West Africa. Right on 10 September 1900 Robusta coffee seeds was received in SoemberAgoeng plantation, WringinAnom, and Kali BakarDampitthat located about 40 km in south-east from the city of Malang.
Efforts to enter Robustacoffee to Indonesia also performed by the combined planters in Kediri region ("VerenigingLandbouwKedirische") in 1901. Moreover, the Dutch government also included the robusta coffeeto the experimental plantationthat own by Dutch government (GovernementProeftuin) inBagelan near Malang for research purposes.
- The development of Arabica Coffee